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Changes in sexual disgust sensitivity during women's reproductive period
Šeda, Jan ; Kaňková, Šárka (advisor) ; Landová, Eva (referee)
Disgust is one of the basic human emotions with an adaptive function, which is primarily to avoid potential transmission of pathogens. One of its components is also sexual disgust, which should serve as a protection against suboptimal sexual behaviour and help in choosing the right sexual partner. The female reproductive period is accompanied by many physiological and psychological changes, which may result in changes in the level of disgust sensitivity. The aim of this study was to track these changes in the still understudied domain of sexual disgust, particularly during pregnancy and postpartum period, but also in non-pregnant women in relation to changes during the menstrual cycle. In line with the proposed hypotheses, higher levels of sexual disgust were observed in women in the first trimester of pregnancy compared to non-pregnant, childless women, which may be related both to the protection of mother and child against possible harm, especially due to infections, or to protection against unpleasant experiences during sex, which may be caused by physical and psychological changes during pregnancy. No statistically significant differences were observed in the degree of sexual disgust in relation to the phases of the menstrual cycle. The results of the longitudinal study showed significant...
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Sexual disgust in an evolutionary perspective
Šeda, Jan ; Kaňková, Šárka (advisor) ; Kuncová, Lucie (referee)
Disgust is one of the basic human emotions, its purpose being protection of individuals from situations that could potentially harm them. Disgust can also play a part in many mental disorders. One of the domains of disgust is sexual disgust, which allows an individual to choose the optimal sexual partner and to distance themselves from other individuals who exhibit inappropriate sexual behavior. The sexual disgust sensitivity is influenced by a range of individual factors, such as political orientation, religion, culture and social norms, personality differences, preferred reproductive strategies and gender. Higher average rate of sexual disgust has been observed in women than in men, which is related to their different sexual and social lives. Disgust also plays an important role in prejudice against homosexuals. Keywords: sexual disgust, mating strategies, homosexuality, basic emotions, adaptive behavior
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Testing the Presence of Adaptive Switching Behavior in Equity Markets
Staněk, Filip ; Kukačka, Jiří (advisor) ; Švarcová, Natálie (referee)
In many financial agent based models, the concept of adaptive switching be- havior is employed as a substitute for the, elegant yet unrealistic, assumption of rational expectations. Studies estimating these models however frequently suggest that agents do not behave adaptively. To better understand the source of this discrepancy, we propose a test for the presence of switching which does not require us to specify beforehand the exact form of the switching mecha- nism nor the strategies among which agents can choose. We verify the ability of the test to detect switching by Monte Carlo simulations and then apply it to stock prices from the New York Stock Exchange. The null hypothesis of the absence of switching is strongly rejected. Furthermore, we assess robustness of this finding by applying the test individually to various sub-sets of the data-set. The switching is prevalent in all considered sub-periods and in all groups of stocks categorized by traded volume. JEL Classification G02, G12, G14, D83, D84 Keywords Bounded Rationality, Adaptive Switching, In- tensity of Choice, Market Efficiency Author's e-mail stanek.fi@gmail.com Supervisor's e-mail jiri.kukacka@fsv.cuni.cz
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